nginx [engine x] is a HTTP server and mail proxy server written by Igor Sysoev.
Phusion Passenger - a.k.a. mod_rails or mod_rack - is a web server and application server, designed to be fast, robust and lightweight. Administration tools allow you to gain insight into web application operations and server performance.
Ruby on Rails is an open-source web framework that is optimized for programmer happiness and sustainable productivity. It lets you write beautiful code by favoring convention over configuration.
UTF-8 (8-bit UCS/Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode. It is the preferred encoding for web pages.