Modernizr is a JavaScript library that detects HTML5 and CSS3 features in the user’s browser and allows you to target specific browser functionality in your stylesheet.
Google APIs are application programming interfaces developed by Google which allow communication with Google Services and their integration to other services.
Allows a website to define how a page is rendered in Internet Explorer 8, allowing a website to decide to use IE7 style rendering over IE8 rendering.
UTF-8 (8-bit UCS/Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode. It is the preferred encoding for web pages.